| Summary: | The ATSDR Interaction Profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for mixtures of hazardous substances. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes toxicologic properties of the featured mixtures. Atrazine, deethylatrazine, simazine, diazinon, and nitrate were chosen as the subject mixture for this interaction profile because they frequently occur together in rural well water. Atrazine and simazine are triazine herbicides, deethylatrazine is a metabolite and an environmental degradation product of atrazine and other triazine herbicides, diazinon is an organophosphorus insecticide, and nitrate is a common contaminant resulting from fertilizers and human and animal waste. The exposures of greatest concern for this mixture in rural well water are intermediate and chronic oral exposures. No pertinent health effects data or physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models were located for the complete mixture. Therefore, the exposure-based screening assessment of potential health hazards for this mixture depends on an evaluation of the health effects and mechanistic data for the individual components and on the joint toxic action and mechanistic data for various combinations of the components. This profile discusses and evaluates the evidence for joint toxic action among atrazine, deethylatrazine, simazine, diazinon, and nitrate. The profile also discusses how public health assessments can incorporate concerns about interactions, additivity, and potential human exposures to mixtures of these chemicals
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