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221013 ||| eng |
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|a Hallward-Driemeier, Mary
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| 245 |
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|a Have Robots Grounded The Flying Geese?
|h Elektronische Ressource
|b Evidence From Greenfield FDI In Manufacturing
|c Hallward-Driemeier, Mary
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| 260 |
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|a Washington, D.C
|b The World Bank
|c 2019
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| 300 |
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|a 25 pages
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| 700 |
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|a Nayyar, Gaurav
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|a Hallward-Driemeier, Mary
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| 041 |
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|a eng
|2 ISO 639-2
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| 989 |
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|b WOBA
|a World Bank E-Library Archive
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| 490 |
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|a World Bank E-Library Archive
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| 028 |
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|a 10.1596/1813-9450-9097
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| 856 |
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|u http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/1813-9450-9097
|x Verlag
|3 Volltext
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|a 330
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|a For decades, manufacturers around the world have outsourced production to countries with lower labor costs. However, there is a concern that robotization in high-income countries will challenge this shifting international division of labor known as the "flying geese" paradigm. Greenfield foreign direct investment decisions constitute a forward-looking indicator of where production is expected, rather than trade flows that reflect past investment decisions. Exploiting differences across countries and industries, the intensity of robot use in high-income countries has a positive impact on foreign direct investment growth from high-income countries to low- and middle-income countries over 2004-15. Past a threshold, however, increased robotization in high-income countries has a negative impact on foreign direct investment growth. Only 3 percent of the sample exceeds the threshold level beyond which further automation results in negative foreign direct investment growth and is consistent with re-shoring. For another 25 percent of the sample, the impact of robotization on the growth of foreign direct investment is positive, but at a rate that is declining. So, although these are early warning signs, automation in high-income countries has resulted in growing foreign direct investment for more than two-thirds of the sample under consideration. Some geese may be slowing, but for now, most continue to fly
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