| Summary: | In 2007, the government of Indonesia (GoI) introduced PNPM Generasi (National Community Empowerment Program-Healthy and Smart Generation, Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat-Generasi Sehat dan Cerdas) to address key policy priorities and the Millennium Development Goals-reducing poverty, maternal mortality, and child mortality, as well as ensuring universal coverage of basic education. To facilitate a rigorous evaluation of the program, GoI (working with the World Bank and the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab) randomly assigned Generasi locations for the pilot phase (2007-2009). A randomized evaluation of two different versions of the program (with and without performance bonuses) was conducted in three rounds (Wave I at baseline, Wave II eighteen months after implementation, and Wave III thirty months after implementation). In 2016-2017, the impact evaluation (IE) team fielded a follow-up survey in the same subdistricts as the first three waves. A separate report analyzes the quantitative findings of this final survey. During the final survey round, the IE team also collected qualitative data in geographically distinct treatment and control communities to explore two problems:1) first, whether Generasi's three components-facilitation, community participation, and the target and performance bonus system-functioning as intended; second, what is the program's long-term impact on village governance and service delivery, and how it can influence Village Law implementation
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