Demographics and the Natural Rate of Interest in Japan

Japan’s aging and shrinking population could lower the natural rate of interest and, together with low inflation expectations, challenge the Bank of Japan’s efforts to reflate the economy. This paper uses a semi-structural model to estimate the impact of demographics on the natural rate in Japan. We...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Han, Fei
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Washington, D.C. International Monetary Fund 2019
Series:IMF Working Papers
Subjects:
Online Access:
Collection: International Monetary Fund - Collection details see MPG.ReNa
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300 |a 31 pages 
651 4 |a Japan 
653 |a Interest rates 
653 |a Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts 
653 |a Finance 
653 |a Potential output 
653 |a Return on investment 
653 |a Dynamic Treatment Effect Models 
653 |a Financial services 
653 |a Production 
653 |a Demographic transition 
653 |a Intangible Capital 
653 |a Production; Economic theory 
653 |a National accounts 
653 |a Time-Series Models 
653 |a Population and demographics 
653 |a Macroeconomics: Production 
653 |a Demography 
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653 |a Macroeconomics 
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653 |a Capacity 
653 |a Demographic change 
653 |a Capital 
653 |a State Space Models 
653 |a Bayesian Analysis: General 
653 |a Population & demography 
653 |a Investment 
653 |a Demographic Economics: General 
653 |a Real interest rates 
653 |a Diffusion Processes 
653 |a Population growth 
653 |a Saving and investment 
653 |a Banks and Banking 
653 |a Investments: General 
653 |a Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects 
653 |a Dynamic Quantile Regressions 
653 |a Monetary Policy 
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520 |a Japan’s aging and shrinking population could lower the natural rate of interest and, together with low inflation expectations, challenge the Bank of Japan’s efforts to reflate the economy. This paper uses a semi-structural model to estimate the impact of demographics on the natural rate in Japan. We find that demographic change has a significantly negative impact on the natural rate by lowering trend potential growth. We also find that the negative impact has been increasing over time amid stronger demographic headwinds. These findings highlight the importance of boosting potential growth to offset the negative demographic impact and lift the natural rate in Japan