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Multimedia Cloud Computing Systems

The second generation of cloud computing systems, known as domain-specific clouds, are emerging based on application-specific processors and serverless computing paradigm. As multimedia streaming services are increasingly growing in popularity and diversity, this book is authored to introduce “multi...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Salehi, Mohsen Amini, Li, Xiangbo (Author)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 2021, 2021
Edition:1st ed. 2021
Subjects:
Mobile Computing
Multimedia Systems
Information Storage And Retrieval
Information Storage And Retrieval Systems
Multimedia Information Systems
Online Access:
Collection: Springer eBooks 2005- - Collection details see MPG.ReNa
Table of Contents:
  • in MSC 81 5.5.1 QoS-Aware Multimedia Task Scheduler
  • 5.5.2 Self-Configurable Heterogeneous VM Provisioner
  • 5.6 Case-Study: Making use of Heterogeneous Computing in Live-Streaming Industry
  • 5.7 Summary
  • References
  • 6 Service Reuse in Multimedia Clouds
  • 6.1 Overview
  • 6.2 Is Function Aggregation (Merging) Beneficial? A Case-Study on Video Transcoding
  • 6.2.1 Introducing Video Benchmark Dataset
  • 6.2.2 Case-Study: Benchmarking Execution-Time of Video Transcoding Tasks
  • 6.2.3 Analyzing the Impact of Merging Video Tasks
  • 6.3 Predicting the Execution-Time Saving of Aggregating Functions
  • 6.3.1 A Model to Predict Execution-Time Saving
  • 6.3.2 Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) to Predict the Execution-Time Saving
  • 6.3.3 Performance Evaluation of the Execution-Time Saving Predictor
  • 6.4 Function Aggregation in the Admission Control Unit of MSC
  • 6.5 Task Similarity Detection
  • 6.5.1 Categories of Mergeable Tasks
  • 6.5.2 Detecting Tasks of Similar Functions
  • 6.6 Identifying Merging Appropriateness
  • 6.6.1 Overview
  • 6.6.2 Evaluating the Impact of Merging
  • 6.6.3 Positioning Aggregated Tasks in the Scheduling Queue
  • 6.7 Adapting Merging based on the Oversubscription Level
  • 6.7.1 Overview
  • 6.7.2 Quantifying Oversubscription in the MSC Platform
  • 6.7.3 Adaptive Task Merging Aggressiveness
  • 6.8 Summary and Discussion
  • References
  • xiv Contents
  • 7 Low-Latency Delivery Networks for Multimedia Streaming
  • 7.1 Overview
  • 7.2 Content Delivery Networks (CDN)
  • 7.3 Peer to Peer (P2P) Networks
  • 7.4 Fog Delivery Networks (FDN) versus Content Delivery Networks (CDN
  • 7.4.1 Federated Fog Delivery Networks (F-FDN)
  • 7.4.2 Efficient Operation of F-FDN
  • 7.4.3 Introducing Different Streaming Delivery Methods for Evaluation
  • 7.4.4 Evaluation of Stream Delivery Methods
  • 7.5 Streaming Protocols
  • 7.6 Case-Study: Low-Latency Streaming in Practice
  • 7.7 Summary
  • References
  • 8 Other Aspects of Multimedia Clouds
  • 3.1 Overview. -3.2 Characterizing the Multimedia Streaming Cloud (MSC) Environment
  • 3.2.1 Stakeholders of MSC
  • 3.2.2 Characteristics of Multimedia Streaming Tasks
  • 3.2.3 Uncertainty
  • 3.3 Architecture of the Multimedia Streaming Cloud (MSC) Platform
  • 3.3.1 Object-as-a-Service (OaaS) Abstraction in the MSC Platform
  • 3.3.2 Enabling Object-as-a-Service (OaaS) Abstraction in the MSC Platform
  • 3.3.3 Enabling Live Object Migration
  • 3.3.4 Single Pane of Glass to Objects in MSC
  • 3.4 Summary
  • References
  • 4 Applications of Multimedia Clouds
  • 4.1 Overview
  • 4.2 Multimedia Streaming Types
  • 4.2.1 On-Demand Multimedia Streaming
  • 4.2.2 Live Multimedia Streaming
  • 4.2.3 Live-to-VOD Streaming
  • 4.2.4 Differences in Processing Live and VOD Streaming
  • 4.3 Basic Services Offered by MSC
  • 4.3.1 Multimedia Content Transcoding. -4.3.2 Video Packaging
  • 4.3.3 Analytical Services of Multimedia Streaming
  • 4.4 Advanced Services Offered by MSC
  • 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Overview
  • 1.2 Multimedia Streaming and Cloud Computing
  • 1.3 The Essence of this Book
  • 1.4 Characteristics of the Multimedia Streaming Cloud (MSC)
  • 1.4.1 Quality of Experience (QoE) in the MSC Platform
  • 1.4.2 Robustness of the MSC Platform
  • 1.4.3 Function-as-a-Service and Serverless Computing in the MSC Platform
  • 1.5 A Bird-Eye View of the Multimedia Streaming Cloud (MSC)
  • Platform
  • References
  • 2 Demystifying Multimedia StreamingWorkflow
  • 2.1 Overview. -2.2 Video Streaming Types
  • 2.3 Video Transcoding
  • 2.3.1 Bit Rate
  • 2.3.2 Resolution
  • 2.3.3 Frame Rate
  • 2.3.4 Codec
  • 2.4 Video Delivery
  • 2.4.1 Packaging
  • 2.4.2 Encryption. -2.4.3 Streaming Protocols
  • 2.5 Content Delivery Network (CDN)
  • 2.6 Video Playback.-2.7 Summary
  • References
  • xi
  • xii Contents
  • 3 Multimedia Cloud: Designing a Special-Purpose Cloud platform for Interactive Multimedia Streaming
  • 4.4.1 Smart (AI-based) Multimedia Streaming Services
  • 4.4.2 Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR)Streaming
  • 4.4.3 Holographic Multimedia Streaming
  • 4.4.4 360_ Multimedia Streaming
  • 4.5 Summary
  • References. -5 Computing Infrastructure for Multimedia Streaming Clouds (MSC)
  • 5.1 Overview
  • 5.2 Virtualization Platforms for MSC
  • 5.2.1 Case-Study: Appropriate Virtualization Platform for Multimedia Processing Using FFmpeg,- 5.3 Heterogeneous Computing for Multimedia Streaming Clouds (MSC)
  • 5.3.1 Heterogeneous Resource Provisioning in MSC
  • 5.3.2 Case-Study: Performance Analysis of Video Transcoding Operations on Heterogeneous Cloud VMs
  • Contents xiii
  • 5.4 Performance-Cost Trade-Off of Multimedia Processing on Heterogeneous Cloud VMs
  • 5.4.1 Modeling Performance versus Cost Trade-Off of Transcoding Tasks on Heterogeneous VMs
  • 5.4.2 Case Study of the Cost Performance Trade-Off Model
  • 5.5 Scheduling of Multimedia Segments on Heterogeneous Machines
  • 9.6.2 Evaluating Task Execution Unit Configurations
  • 9.6.3 Evaluating Scheduling Policy
  • 9.7 Summary
  • References
  • 10 Future of Multimedia Streaming and Cloud Technology
  • 10.1 Overview
  • 10.2 Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) in Domain-Specific Clouds
  • 10.3 Efficient Scheduling of Functions on Heterogeneous Machines
  • 10.4 Supporting both Live and On-Demand Multimedia Streaming on the same Underlying Resources
  • 10.5 Blockchain Technology for Multimedia Streaming
  • 10.6 Reuse and Approximate Computing of Functions in Multimedia Clouds and other Domain-Specific Clouds
  • 10.7 Machine Learning for Multimedia Processing
  • 10.8 Avoiding Bias in MSC and Other Domain-Specific Clouds
  • 10.9 Dependability of Cloud-based Multimedia Streaming
  • References
  • 8.1 Domain-Specific Billing
  • 8.2 Networking of the Multimedia Streaming Clouds.
  • 8.3 Security of Multimedia Streaming
  • 8.3.1 Privacy
  • 8.3.2 DigitalRights Management
  • 8.4 Storage Service for Multimedia Contents
  • 8.4.1 Cloud Storage for Multimedia Streaming
  • 8.5 Summary
  • References
  • 9 Prototype Implementation of the MSC Platform
  • 9.1 Overview
  • 9.2 Serverless Computing Paradigm in Practice
  • 9.3 A Use Case for the MSC Platform
  • 9.4 Characteristics of Multimedia Stream Processing
  • 9.5 Architecture of the MSC Prototype Implementation
  • 9.5.1 Media Repository
  • 9.5.2 Service Repository
  • 9.5.3 Request Ingestion
  • 9.5.4 Task Admission Control
  • 9.5.5 Task Queue
  • 9.5.6 Task Scheduler
  • 9.5.7 Task Execution Time Estimator
  • 9.5.8 Execution Engine
  • 9.5.9 Provisioning Manager and Elasticity Manager
  • 9.5.10 Stream Manager
  • 9.5.11 Media Caching
  • 9.6 Performance Evaluation
  • Contents xv
  • 9.6.1 Experimental setup

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