| Summary: | Radiation therapy is a common type of local therapy used to treat cancer, and can be used alone or in combination with chemotherapy, surgery, or both. Approximately 470,000 patients receive radiation therapy each year in the United States of America. In Canada, great progress has been made in cancer control which can be attributed to improvements in prevention, screening, early detection, and treatment options for patients with cancer. Computed tomography (CT) simulation is the current gold standard for radiation therapy treatment planning. More recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has also been used for radiation therapy planning due to its superior soft tissue contrast compared with CT. The current report aims to summarize evidence regarding the clinical and costeffectiveness, as well as guidelines for the use of MRI simulators for simulation and treatment planning for patients requiring radiation therapy
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