Role of Stem Cells in Skeletal Muscle Development, Regeneration, Repair, Aging and Disease

Adult stem cells are responsible for tissue regeneration and repair throughout life. Their quiescence or activation are tightly regulated by common signalling pathways that often recapitulate those happening during embryonic development, and thus it is important to understand their regulation not on...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Pura Munoz-Canoves
Other Authors: Jaime J. Carvajal, Adolfo Lopez de Munain, Ander Izeta
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media SA 2016
Series:Frontiers Research Topics
Subjects:
Online Access:
Collection: Directory of Open Access Books - Collection details see MPG.ReNa
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653 |a muscle wasting 
653 |a myogenesis 
653 |a rejuvenation 
653 |a pericytes 
653 |a epigenetics 
653 |a Neurosciences / bicssc 
653 |a ageing 
653 |a fibrosis 
653 |a muscular dystrophies 
653 |a sarcopenia 
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700 1 |a Adolfo Lopez de Munain 
700 1 |a Ander Izeta 
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520 |a Adult stem cells are responsible for tissue regeneration and repair throughout life. Their quiescence or activation are tightly regulated by common signalling pathways that often recapitulate those happening during embryonic development, and thus it is important to understand their regulation not only in postnatal life, but also during foetal development. In this regard, skeletal muscle is an interesting tissue since it accounts for a large percentage of body mass (about 40%), it is highly amenable to intervention through exercise and it is also key in metabolic and physiological changes underlying frailty susceptibility in the elderly. While muscle-resident satellite cells are responsible for all myogenic activity in physiological conditions and become senescent in old age, other progenitor cells such as mesoangioblasts do seem to contribute to muscle regeneration and repair after tissue damage. Similarly, fibro-adipogenic precursor cells seem to be key in the aberrant response that fills up the space left from atrophied muscle mass and which ends up with a dysfunctional muscle having vast areas of fatty infiltration and fibrosis. The complex interplay between these stem/progenitor cell types and their niches in normal and pathological conditions throughout life are the subjects of intense investigation. This eBook highlights recent developments on the role of stem cells in skeletal muscle function, both in prenatal and postnatal life, and their regulation by transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. Additionally, it includes articles on interventions associated with exercise, pathological changes in neuromuscular diseases, and stem cell aging.