| Summary: | This new WHO publication explains when HIV re-testing should and should not be recommended. It is intended to serve as a complement to the WHO/UNAIDS Guidance on provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling in health facilities. The document states that re-testing should be recommended to people with ongoing risk of HIV infection and to those who recall an incident of risk in the previous three months. In generalized epidemics, because of the high reported levels of incident HIV infection during the antenatal period, pregnant women should be recommended to be re-tested in their third trimester as part of prevention of mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT) of HIV services and to facilitate the referral of HIV positive mothers to care and treatment for their own health. The document aims to help HIV policy-makers, programme and site managers, trainers, and testing and counselling providers in all settings to detect HIV earlier among people with recent exposure to, or ongoing risk for HIV; it will promote earlier referral of HIV positive people to prevention, care, treatment, including PMTCT services
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