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180616 ||| eng |
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|a Adema, Willem
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| 245 |
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|a How Expensive is the Welfare State?
|h Elektronische Ressource
|b Gross and Net Indicators in the OECD Social Expenditure Database (SOCX)
|c Willem, Adema and Maxime, Ladaique
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| 260 |
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|a Paris
|b OECD Publishing
|c 2009
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| 300 |
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|a 97 p.
|c 21 x 29.7cm
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| 653 |
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|a Social Issues/Migration/Health
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| 700 |
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|a Ladaique, Maxime
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|a eng
|2 ISO 639-2
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| 989 |
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|b OECD
|a OECD Books and Papers
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| 490 |
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|a OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers
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| 024 |
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|a /10.1787/220615515052
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| 856 |
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|a oecd-ilibrary.org
|u https://doi.org/10.1787/220615515052
|x Verlag
|3 Volltext
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|a 304
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|a 610
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|a This paper first presents information on trends and composition of social expenditure across the OECD. Gross public social expenditure on average across OECD increased from 16% of GDP in 1980 to 21% in 2005, of which public pensions (7% of GDP) and public health expenditure (6% of GDP) are the largest items. This paper then accounts for the effects of the tax system and private social expenditure which leads to a greater similarity in social expenditure-to-GDP ratios across countries and to a reassessment of the magnitude of welfare states. After accounting for the impact of taxation and private benefits, social expenditure (1) amounts to over 30% of GDP at factor cost in Belgium, Germany, and France and (2) ranges within a few percentage points of each other in Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal and the United States
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