External Vulnerability in Emerging Market Economies How High Liquidity Can Offset Weak Fundamentals and the Effects of Contagion

This paper investigates the factors behind the 1994 and 1997 crises and whether these can explain the 1998 crisis. The study reveals that: (i) variables used in an Early Warning System model developed by IMF staff scored well in predicting the 1998 crisis out-of-sample; (ii) all three crisis episode...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Mulder, Christian
Other Authors: Bussière, Matthieu
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Washington, D.C. International Monetary Fund 1999
Series:IMF Working Papers
Subjects:
Online Access:
Collection: International Monetary Fund - Collection details see MPG.ReNa
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653 |a Economic & financial crises & disasters 
653 |a Credit 
653 |a Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance: Forecasting and Simulation 
653 |a Short-term Capital Movements 
653 |a Financial crises 
653 |a Monetary economics 
653 |a Currency; Foreign exchange 
653 |a Value of Firms 
653 |a Current Account Adjustment 
653 |a Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General 
653 |a Balance of payments 
653 |a Real effective exchange rates 
653 |a Crisis management 
653 |a Exports and Imports 
653 |a International economics 
653 |a Money 
653 |a Foreign Exchange 
653 |a Capital and Ownership Structure 
653 |a Goodwill 
653 |a Real exchange rates 
653 |a Early warning systems 
653 |a Financial Risk and Risk Management 
653 |a Financing Policy 
653 |a Financial Risk Management 
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653 |a Foreign exchange 
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520 |a This paper investigates the factors behind the 1994 and 1997 crises and whether these can explain the 1998 crisis. The study reveals that: (i) variables used in an Early Warning System model developed by IMF staff scored well in predicting the 1998 crisis out-of-sample; (ii) all three crisis episodes can be well explained by a parsimonious set of core fundamentals and liquidity related variables; and (iii) the presence of an IMF-supported program significantly reduced the depth of crises. The results suggest that as a rule of thumb countries should hold reserves to the tune of short-term debt to avoid contagion-related crises, provided their current deficits are modest and their real effective exchange rates are not significantly misaligned