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Physiological Ecology of North American Plant Communities

Although, as W.D. Billings notes in his chapter in this book. the development of physiological ecology can be traced back to the very beginnings of the study of ecology it is clear that the modern development of this field in North America is due in the large part to the efforts of Billings alone. T...

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Bibliographic Details
Other Authors: Chabot, Brain F. (Editor)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 1985, 1985
Edition:1st ed. 1985
Subjects:
Humanities And Social Sciences
Humanities
Social Sciences
Ecology 
Ecology
Online Access:
Collection: Springer Book Archives -2004 - Collection details see MPG.ReNa
Table of Contents:
  • 7.6 Summary
  • References
  • 8 Desert succulents
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Water relations
  • 8.3 CO2 uptake and acidity changes
  • 8.4 Thermal relations
  • 8.5 Conclusions
  • References
  • 9 Cold desert
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Photosynthesis in the cold desert environment
  • 9.3 The moisture constraint
  • 9.4 The salinity constraint
  • 9.5 Carbon balance of cold desert shrubs
  • 9.6 Nitrogen
  • 9.7 Summary: stress in the cold desert
  • References
  • 10 Chaparral
  • 10.1 Extent and general character
  • 10.2 Early ecological studies
  • 10.3 Environmental rhythms
  • 10.4 Growth forms and vegetation rhythms
  • 10.5 Water balance
  • 10.6 Carbon balance
  • 10.7 Nutrient balance
  • 10.8 Fire ecology
  • 10.9 Summary
  • References
  • 11 Grasslands
  • 11.1 Introduction
  • 11.2 Plant response to environmental conditions
  • 11.3 Summary
  • References
  • 12 Deciduous forest
  • 12.1 Introduction
  • 12.2 Geography and vegetation
  • 12.3 Forest structure
  • 4 Taiga
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Vegetation zones of the taiga
  • 4.3 Environment
  • 4.4 Growth forms and phenology
  • 4.5 Controls on carbon balance
  • 4.6 Temperature response
  • 4.7 Light response
  • 4.8 Water stress
  • 4.9 Nutrient relations
  • 4.10 Production
  • 4.11 Causes of timberline
  • 4.12 Fire ecology
  • 4.13 Establishment and reproduction
  • 4.14 Succession
  • 4.15 Summary and research needs
  • References
  • 5 Western montane forests
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Environment
  • 5.3 Ecophysiology
  • 5.4 Summary and perspectives
  • References
  • 6 Coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Community structure
  • 6.3 Physiological characteristics and responses
  • 6.4 Tree structure
  • 6.5 Conclusion
  • References
  • 7 Annuals and perennials of warm deserts
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 The physical environment
  • 7.3 Phenology andlife cycle adaptations
  • 7.4 Leaf and canopy adaptations
  • 7.5 Photosynthetic and water relations adaptations
  • 12.4 Plant response to seasonal environments
  • 12.5 Other periodic stresses
  • 12.6 Summary
  • References
  • 13 Tropical and subtropical forests
  • 13.1 Introduction
  • 13.2 Distribution of tropical and subtropical forests
  • 13.3 Physiological ecology of tropical and subtropical forest species
  • 13.4 Physiological ecology of Hawaiian forest species
  • 13.5 Summary
  • References
  • 14 Marine beach and dune plant communities
  • 14.1 Introduction
  • 14.2 Light and temperature
  • 14.3 Water relations
  • 14.4 Salt spray
  • 14.5 Soil salinity
  • 14.6 Soil nutrients
  • 14.7 Sand movement
  • 14.8 Deductions from floristic analyses
  • 14.9 Summary
  • References
  • 15 Coastal marshes
  • 15.1 Introduction
  • 15.2 Environmental stress
  • 15.3 Plant responses and adaptations
  • 15.4 Ecosystem properties affected by plant ecophysiology
  • 15.5 Management implications
  • 15.6 Conclusions and future research needs
  • References
  • 1 The historical development of physiological plant ecology
  • 1.1 The beginnings
  • 1.2 The 19th century
  • 1.3 The spread of physiological ecology to North America
  • 1.4 The middle decades
  • 1.5 The post-war revival of physiological ecology
  • 1.6 Some thoughts about the future of physiological ecology
  • References
  • 2 Arctic
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Environment
  • 2.3 Vegetation and growth forms
  • 2.4 Phenology and growth
  • 2.5 Photosynthesis and respiration
  • 2.6 Water relations
  • 2.7 Mobile carbon pools
  • 2.8 Nutrient absorption, storage, and loss
  • 2.9 Allocation
  • 2.10 Reproduction
  • 2.11 Summary
  • References
  • 3 Alpine
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Environment
  • 3.3 Floristics
  • 3.4 Plant communities and environmental gradients
  • 3.5 Seed germination and seedling establishment
  • 3.6 Growth forms and plant growth
  • 3.7 Plant phenology and growth
  • 3.8 Physiological responses
  • 3.9 Timberline
  • 3.10 The role of snow
  • 3.11 Summary
  • References

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