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Attention and Arousal Cognition and Performance

The thinker who has a mortal fear of being wrong will give all that is valuable in himself to that little ambition. Walter Lippmann (1914) Psychology has always been plagued by passing fads and fan­ cies to a greater extent than is seemly in a scientific discipline. Over the past few years the Zeitg...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Eysenck, Michael
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Berlin, Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 1982, 1982
Edition:1st ed. 1982
Subjects:
Educational Psychology
Neuropsychology
Cognitive Psychology
Online Access:
Collection: Springer Book Archives -2004 - Collection details see MPG.ReNa
Table of Contents:
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Theories of Attention
  • 2.1 Early Theories
  • 2.2 Posner and Snyder: Automatic Activation and Conscious Attention
  • 2.3 Shiffrin and Schneider: Controlled and Automatic Processes
  • 2.4 Treisman and Gelade: Features and Objects
  • 2.5 Summary
  • 3 Theories of Processing Resources
  • 3.1 Baddeley and Hitch: Working Memory
  • 3.2 Norman and Bobrow: Data-Limited and Resource-Limited Processes
  • 3.3 Johnston and Heinz: Multi-Mode Theory
  • 3.4 Navon and Gopher: Multiple Resources
  • 3.5 Conclusions
  • 4 Theories of Arousal and Performance
  • 4.1 The Yerkes-Dodson Law
  • 4.2 Easterbrook’s Hypothesis
  • 4.3 Broadbent: Decision and Stress
  • 4.4 Näätänen’s Theory
  • 4.5 Kahneman: Attention and Effort
  • 4.6 Thayer: Self-Reported Arousal
  • 4.7 Hasher and Zacks: Automatic and Effortful Processes
  • 4.8 Summary and Conclusions
  • 5 Incentives and Motivation
  • 5.1 Reinforcement and Incentives
  • 5.2 Learning and Memory: Atkinson and Wickens (1971)
  • 5.3 Short-Term Memory: Weiner
  • 5.4 Task Characteristics
  • 5.5 Performance Efficiency
  • 5.6 Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation
  • 5.7 A Theoretical Overview
  • 6 Anxiety and Performance
  • 6.1 Worry and Emotionality
  • 6.2 Working Memory Capacity
  • 6.3 Spence and Spence (1966): Task Difficulty
  • 6.4 Anxiety and Motivation
  • 6.5 Failure and Shock
  • 6.6 Failure and Success: A Cognitive Approach
  • 6.7 Depth and Elaboration of Processing
  • 6.8 Theoretical Positions
  • 7 Endogenous Determinants of Arousal
  • 7.1 Introversion - Extraversion
  • 7.2 Time of Day
  • 7.3 Sleep Deprivation
  • 8 Exogenous Determinants of Arousal: Noise
  • 8.1 Vigilance Task Performance
  • 8.2 Continuous Tasks: Serial Reaction and Tracking
  • 8.3 Learning and Memory
  • 8.4 Attentional Selectivity
  • 8.5 Theoretical Formulation
  • 8.6 Summary
  • 9 Conclusions andSpeculations
  • 9.1 The Yerkes-Dodson Law
  • 9.2 Stages of Processing
  • 9.3 Two Arousal Systems
  • 10 References
  • 11 Author Index
  • 12 Subject Index

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