Ecotoxicology: Problems and Approaches

Ecotoxicology is the science that seeks to predict the impacts of chemi­ cals upon ecosystems. This involves describing and predicting ecological changes ensuing from a variety of human activities that involve release of xenobiotic and other chemicals to the environment. A fundamental principle of e...

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Bibliographic Details
Other Authors: Levin, Simon A. (Editor), Harwell, Mark A. (Editor), Kelly, John R. (Editor), Kimball, Kenneth D. (Editor)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: New York, NY Springer New York 1989, 1989
Edition:1st ed. 1989
Series:Springer Advanced Texts in Life Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:
Collection: Springer Book Archives -2004 - Collection details see MPG.ReNa
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505 0 |a I Ecotoxicology: Problems and Approaches -- 1 Ecotoxicology: Problems and Approaches -- 2 Indicators of Ecosystem Response and Recovery -- II Responses of Ecosystems to Chemical Stress -- 3 Effects of Heavy Metals in a Polluted Aquatic Ecosystem -- 4 Determining the Ecological Effects of Oil Pollution in Marine Ecosystems -- 5 The Effects of Chemical Stress on Aquatic Species Composition and Community Structure -- 6 Theoretical and Methodological Reasons for Variability in the Responses of Aquatic Ecosystem Processes to Chemical Stresses -- 7 The Effects of Chemicals on the Structure of Terrestrial Ecosystems: Mechanisms and Patterns of Change -- III Methods and Models -- 8 Models in Ecotoxicology: Methodological Aspects -- 9 Mathematical Models—Fate, Transport, and Food Chain -- 10 Deterministic and Statistical Models of Chemical Fate in Aquatic Systems -- 11 Bioaccumulation of Hydrophobic Organic Pollutant Compounds -- 12 Environmental Chemical Stress Effects Associated with Carbon and Phosphorus Biogeochemical Cycles -- 13 Biomonitoring: Closing the Loop in the Environmental Sciences -- 14 The Role of Terrestrial Microcosms and Mesocosms in Ecotoxicologic Research -- 15 The Role of Aquatic Microcosms in Ecotoxicologic Research as Illustrated by Large Marine Systems -- IV Ecotoxicological Decision Making -- 16 Ecotoxicology Beyond Sensitivity: A Case Study Involving “Unreasonableness” of Environmental Change -- 17 Regulatory Framework for Ecotoxicology -- 18 Environmental Decision Making in the Presence of Uncertainty 
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653 |a Environmental Monitoring 
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700 1 |a Harwell, Mark A.  |e [editor] 
700 1 |a Kelly, John R.  |e [editor] 
700 1 |a Kimball, Kenneth D.  |e [editor] 
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520 |a Ecotoxicology is the science that seeks to predict the impacts of chemi­ cals upon ecosystems. This involves describing and predicting ecological changes ensuing from a variety of human activities that involve release of xenobiotic and other chemicals to the environment. A fundamental principle of ecotoxicology is embodied in the notion of change. Ecosystems themselves are constantly changing due to natural processes, and it is a challenge to distinguish the effects of anthropogenic activities against this background of fluctuations in the natural world. With the frustratingly large, diverse, and ever-emerging sphere of envi­ ronmental problems that ecotoxicology must address, the approaches to individual problems also must vary. In part, as a consequence, there is no established protocol for application of the science to environmental prob­ lem-solving. The conceptual and methodological bases for ecotoxicology are, how­ ever, in their infancy, and thus still growing with new experiences. In­ deed, the only robust generalization for research on different ecosystems and different chemical stresses seems to be a recognition of the necessity of an ecosystem perspective as focus for assessment. This ecosystem basis for ecotoxicology was the major theme of a previous pUblication by the Ecosystems Research Center at Cornell University, a special issue of Environmental Management (Levin et al. 1984). With that effort, we also recognized an additional necessity: there should be a continued develop­ ment of methods and expanded recognition of issues for ecotoxicology and for the associated endeavor of environmental management