Bernhard Riemann
Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann (; 17 September 1826 – 20 July 1866) was a German
mathematician who made profound contributions to
analysis,
number theory, and
differential geometry. In the field of
real analysis, he is mostly known for the first rigorous formulation of the integral, the
Riemann integral, and his work on
Fourier series. His contributions to
complex analysis include most notably the introduction of
Riemann surfaces, breaking new ground in a natural, geometric treatment of complex analysis. His
1859 paper on the
prime-counting function, containing the original statement of the
Riemann hypothesis, is regarded as a foundational paper of
analytic number theory. Through his pioneering
contributions to differential geometry, Riemann laid the foundations of the mathematics of
general relativity. He is considered by many to be one of the greatest mathematicians of all time.
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