1 “...-national governments to be confined to immobile resources such as land and user fees. In practice...”

2 “...Intergovernmental grants are used in many countries to finance sub-national spending...”

3 “... on sub-national governments. While the situation varies from country to country, depending...”

4 “...The ability of sub national governments to "better spend", by identifying relevant paths...”

5 “... countries. Drawing on contract theory and a variety of national experiences, this paper identifies three...”

6 “... their own stimulus plans, others cut expenditures and raised taxes, potentially undermining national...”

7 “... and to implement national policies. However, the governance of grants is complex, and practices vary widely across...”

8 “... the relationships among levels of government. These relationships lie between the central and sub-national levels...”

9 “... are often laid down in the constitution and hence form a central pillar of national fiscal policy...”

10 “... infranationale se trouve dédié à un fonds national de péréquation. Le taux de péréquation est en général plus...”