1 “... the substantial understanding of Being through Aristotle and the Scholastics to reach its crisis in Descartes...”

2 “... Descartes, William James, Immanuel Kant, and tendencies in modern thought, thus complementing the historical...”

3 Table of Contents: “..., Certainty -- Descartes and Ortega on the Fate of Indubitable Knowledge -- Evidence and Structure...”