1 Subjects: “...Emerging and frontier financial markets...”

2 Subjects: “...Emerging and frontier financial markets...”

3 “...Doubts persist about the effectiveness of monetary transmission in emerging markets...”

4 Subjects: “...Emerging and frontier financial markets...”

5 Subjects: “...Emerging and frontier financial markets...”

6 “..., and emerging markets across income levels. Finally, we find evidence that improved institutional frameworks can...”