1 “... of preferential trade agreements and temporary trade barriers, such as antidumping, safeguards, and countervailing...”

2 “...Use of temporary trade barriers has proliferated across countries, industries, and even policy...”

3 “... restrictions on products arising through the temporary trade barrier (TTB) policies of antidumping, safeguards...”

4 “... that include the temporary trade barrier policies of antidumping and safeguards. Studies in other contexts have...”

5 “... of temporary trade barrier (TTB) policies-antidumping, safeguards and countervailing duties-are estimated...”

6 “... duty policies - temporary trade barriers (TTBs) - over the period 1990-2009. The author constructs two...”

7 “...Do exports resume when import-restricting temporary trade barriers such as antidumping are finally...”

8 “... such as tariffs, quotas, voluntary export restraints, and other nontariff barriers, as well as the ebb and flow...”

9 “... of 2008-2009. Given trends in the imposition of new crisis-era trade barriers that these initiatives have...”

10 “.... It concludes that substantial trade policy barriers remain as an important feature of the world economy...”

11 “... barriers. If the average tariff level was about 40 percent, as commonly reported, the implied early tariff...”

12 “... these predictions using newly assembled data on bilateral applied tariffs, temporary trade barriers, and value-added...”

13 “... response during 2008:Q4-2010:Q4, given the realized macroeconomic shocks. New US and EU trade barriers were...”