Are Low-Skill Women Being Left Behind? Labor Market Evidence from the UK

Labor markets in the UK have been characterized by markedly widening wage inequality for lowskill (non-college) women, a trend that predates the pandemic. We examine the contribution of job polarization to this trend by estimating age, period, and cohort effects for the likelihood of employment in d...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Dabla-Norris, Era
Other Authors: Pizzinelli, Carlo, Rappaport, Jay
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Washington, D.C. International Monetary Fund 2022
Series:IMF Working Papers
Subjects:
Online Access:
Collection: International Monetary Fund - Collection details see MPG.ReNa
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245 0 0 |a Are Low-Skill Women Being Left Behind? Labor Market Evidence from the UK  |c Era Dabla-Norris, Carlo Pizzinelli, Jay Rappaport 
260 |a Washington, D.C.  |b International Monetary Fund  |c 2022 
300 |a 48 pages 
653 |a Economics 
653 |a Women 
653 |a Economics of the Handicapped 
653 |a Financial crises 
653 |a Labor markets 
653 |a Aggregate Labor Productivity 
653 |a Skills 
653 |a Economics of the Elderly 
653 |a Aging 
653 |a Labor 
653 |a Women & girls 
653 |a Economics of specific sectors 
653 |a Population and demographics 
653 |a Currency crises 
653 |a Demography 
653 |a Macroeconomics 
653 |a Occupational Choice 
653 |a Economic theory 
653 |a Human Capital 
653 |a Income economics 
653 |a Employment 
653 |a Population & demography 
653 |a Economic & financial crises & disasters 
653 |a Gender studies 
653 |a Labour 
653 |a Non-labor Market Discrimination 
653 |a Economics of Gender 
653 |a Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General 
653 |a Non-labor Discrimination 
653 |a Economics: General 
653 |a Unemployment 
653 |a Informal sector 
653 |a Demand and Supply of Labor: General 
653 |a Economic sectors 
653 |a Aggregate Human Capital 
653 |a Population aging 
653 |a Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure 
653 |a Labor Productivity 
653 |a Wage Level and Structure 
653 |a Labor market 
653 |a Wages 
653 |a Wage Differentials 
653 |a Intergenerational Income Distribution 
653 |a Women's Studies 
653 |a Gender 
700 1 |a Pizzinelli, Carlo 
700 1 |a Rappaport, Jay 
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520 |a Labor markets in the UK have been characterized by markedly widening wage inequality for lowskill (non-college) women, a trend that predates the pandemic. We examine the contribution of job polarization to this trend by estimating age, period, and cohort effects for the likelihood of employment in different occupations and the wages earned therein over 2001-2019. For recent generations of women, cohort effects indicate a higher likelihood of employment in low-paying manual jobs relative to high-paying abstract jobs. However, cohort effects also underpin falling wages for post-1980 cohorts across all occupations. We find that falling returns to labor rather than job polarization has been a key driver of rising inter-age wage inequality among low-skill females. Wage-level cohort effects underpin a nearly 10 percent fall in expected lifetime earnings for low-skill women born in 1990 relative to those born in 1970