| Summary: | Osteoarthritis is a disorder caused by damage to articular cartilage, most commonly in older adults. Osteoarthritis can cause symptoms such as pain, limitation of movement, various degrees of inflammation, effusion, and disability. Current treatment options include medications and surgery. Drugs, such as local analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, intra-articular injection of glucocorticoids, can be prescribed to aid with symptom control. Surgery, such as total hip replacement, is often considered a last resort option for osteoarthritis, due to the risks of surgical complications. Hyaluronic acid supplementation is another option for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Hyaluronic acid constitutes synovial fluid in the joints and increases the viscosity. It functions as shock absorbent within joints and protects cartilage and surrounding soft tissues. Some evidence has suggested that intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid is effective in relieving pain associated with ankle osteoarthritis and is clinically effective in hip osteoarthritis. Recently there are studies published to demonstrate the effectiveness of the intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid for patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or ankle. There is a need to update the review on intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid. This report aims to review the clinical effectiveness of intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid for osteoarthritis of the hip and ankle
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