Pollution Threat of Heavy Metals in Aquatic Environments
The role of the European Community in developing environmental legislation has focused the minds of pollution control agencies and industrialists on the need for, and the evidence to support, water quality standards. This is particularly so for the Dangerous Substances Directive which has led to Eur...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dordrecht
Springer Netherlands
1987, 1987
|
| Edition: | 1st ed. 1987 |
| Series: | Pollution Monitoring Series
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | |
| Collection: | Springer Book Archives -2004 - Collection details see MPG.ReNa |
Table of Contents:
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Mercury
- 1.2 Cadmium
- 1.3 Other Metals
- 1.4 Sources and Controls
- 2 Toxicity Testing Techniques
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Terminology
- 2.3 Physical Factors in Toxicity Tests
- 2.4 Biological Factors in Toxicity Tests
- 2.5 Numbers of Test Animals
- 2.6 Chemical Conditions of Tests
- 3 Toxicity of Metals to Freshwater Fish
- 3.1 Arsenic
- 3.2 Cadmium
- 3.3 Chromium
- 3.4 Copper
- 3.5 Lead
- 3.6 Mercury
- 3.7 Nickel
- 3.8 Selenium
- 3.9 Silver
- 3.10 Vanadium
- 3.11 Zinc
- 4 Toxicity of Metals to Freshwater Invertebrates
- 4.1 Arsenic
- 4.2 Cadmium
- 4.3 Chromium
- 4.4 Copper
- 4.5 Lead
- 4.6 Mercury
- 4.7 Nickel
- 4.8 Selenium
- 4.9 Silver
- 4.10 Vanadium
- 4.11 Zinc
- 5 Toxicity of Metals to Marine Life
- 5.1 Arsenic
- 5.2 Cadmium
- 5.3 Chromium
- 5.4 Copper
- 5.5 Lead
- 5.6 Mercury
- 5.7 Nickel
- 5.8 Selenium
- 5.9 Silver
- 5.10 Vanadium
- 5.11 Zinc
- 6 Factors Affecting Toxicity
- 6.1 Interspecies Variations in Freshwater Fish
- 6.2 Interphyletic Variations
- 6.3 Life Stage
- 6.4 Water Hardness
- 6.5 Temperature
- 6.6 pH
- 6.7 Salinity
- 6.8 Acclimation
- 6.9 Fluctuating Exposure Concentrations
- 6.10 Mixtures of Metals
- 7 Freshwater Field Studies
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Biological Assessment
- 7.3 Water Quality
- 7.4 Case Studies
- 8 Tidal Water Field Studies
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Physical Factors
- 8.3 Chemical Factors
- 8.4 Biology
- 8.5 Case Studies
- 9 Bioaccumulation
- 9.1 Biomagnification of Metals
- 9.2 Factors Affecting Bioaccumulation
- 9.3 Monitoring
- 10 Environmental Standards
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Derivation of Standards
- 10.3 Statistical Expression of the Standard
- 10.4 The Relationship between Field and Laboratory Information
- 10.5 Effluent Controls from Environmental Standards
- 11 International Controls
- References