Kekulé Structures in Benzenoid Hydrocarbons

This text is an attempt to outline the basic facts concerning Kekul€ structures in benzenoid hydrocarbons: their history, applica­ tions and especially enumeration. We further pOint out the numerous and often quite remarkable connections between this topic and various parts of combinatorics and disc...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Cyvin, Sven J., Gutman, Ivan (Author)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Berlin, Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 1988, 1988
Edition:1st ed. 1988
Series:Lecture Notes in Chemistry
Subjects:
Online Access:
Collection: Springer Book Archives -2004 - Collection details see MPG.ReNa
Table of Contents:
  • 11.1 Introduction
  • 11.2 Pentagons
  • 11.3 Triangles
  • 11.4 Streamers and Goblets
  • 12 — Classes of Basic Benzenoids (IV): Rectangles
  • 12.1 Definitions
  • 12.2 Prolate Rectangle
  • 12.3 Oblate Rectangle
  • 12.4 Auxiliary Benzenoid Classes
  • 12.5 Modified Oblate Rectangles
  • 12.6 Some General Formulations Concerning Oblate Rectangles
  • 13 — Regular Six-Tier Strips and Related Systems
  • 13.1 Introduction
  • 13.2 Six-Tier Strips
  • 13.3 Supplement to the Methods of Derivation of K Formulas For t-Tier Strips
  • 13.4 Auxiliary Benzenoid Classes
  • 13.5 Two-Parameter K Formulas for Some Multiple Chains
  • 13.6 Generalized Auxiliary Class
  • 13.7 Étagère
  • 13.8 Some Seven-Tier Strips: A Summing UP
  • 14 — Determinant Formulas
  • 14.1 Introduction
  • 14.2 Hexagon
  • 14.3Chevron
  • 14.4 Ribbon
  • 14.5 Parallelogram
  • 14.6 Zigzag Chains
  • 14.7 Pentagons
  • 14.8 Oblate Rectangle
  • 15 — Algorithm: A Generalization
  • 15.1 Introduction
  • 15.2 General Principles
  • 1 — Introduction
  • 1.1 Benzenoid Hydrocarbons
  • 1.2 Historical Remarks
  • 1.3 Importance of Kekulé Structures in the Theory of Benzenoid Hydrocarbons
  • 2 — Benzenoid Systems: Basic Concepts
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Definitions and Relations
  • 2.3 Classifications of Benzenoids
  • 3 — Kekulé Structures and Their Numbers: General Results
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Theorems About K Numbers
  • 3.3 Vertices and Edges in Kekulé Structures
  • 3.4 Lower and Upper Bounds of K
  • 3.5 Benzenoids with Extremal K
  • 3.6 Generation of Normal Benzenoids
  • 3.7 Isoarithmicity
  • 4 — Introduction to the Enumeration of Kekulé Structures
  • 4.1 Schematic Survey
  • 4.2 Empirical Methods
  • 4.3 Combinatorial Formulas, Especially for the Single Linear Chain
  • 4.4 Recurrence Relations for Single Linear and Zigzag Chains
  • 4.5 Summation Formulas for Single Linear and Zigzag Chains
  • 4.6 Algorithms for Single Linear and Zigzag Chains
  • 4.7 Combinatorial Formula for the Single Zigzag Chain
  • 4.8 Treatment of a Pericondensed Benzenoid: The Parallelogram
  • 4.9 General Remarks
  • 4.10 Other Methods
  • 5 — Non-Kekuléan and Essentially Disconnected Benzenoid Systems
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Introductory Examples
  • 5.3 The Müller-Muller-Rodloff Rule
  • 5.4 Characterization of Concealed Non-Kekuléan Benzenoid Systems
  • 5.5 Segmentation
  • 6 — Catacondensed Benzenoids
  • 6.1 Previous Work
  • 6.2 Single Unbranched Chain
  • 6.3 Branched Chain
  • 6.4 Catacondensed Ladder
  • 6.5 Catacondensed All-Benzenoids and Related Systems
  • 6.6 Limit Values Involving K Numbers
  • 7 — Annelated Benzenoids
  • 7.1 Definitions
  • 7.2 Previous Work
  • 7.3 Annelation to a Linear Chain
  • 7.4 Annelation to a Zigzag Chain
  • 7.5 Further Developments
  • 7.6 Discussion of the Formulas
  • 7.7 Algorithm
  • 7.8 Dictionary of K Numbers withRelevance to Annelation
  • 7 9 Annelation of Two Single Chains
  • 7.10 Annelations of Special Benzenoids
  • 8 — Classes of Basic Benzenoids (I)
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Hexagon
  • 8.3 Chevron
  • 8.4 Ribbon
  • 8.5 Parallelogram
  • 9 — Classes of Basic Benzenoids (II): Multiple Zigzag Chain
  • 9.1 Definition
  • 9.2 Previous Work
  • 9.3 Auxiliary Benzenoid Class
  • 9.4 Recurrence Relations for A (n,m) with Fixed Values of n
  • 9.5 Combinatorial K Formulas for A (n,m,l) With Fixed Values of m
  • 9.6 Combinatorial K Formulas for Z (m,n) With Fixed Values of m
  • 9.7 The Polynomial Pm(n) = K{Z(m,n)}
  • 9.8 Algorithm
  • 9.9 Some General Formulations
  • 10 — Regular Three-, Four- and Five-Tier Strips
  • 10.1 Previous Work
  • 10.2 Definitions
  • 10.3 Classification of Regular t-Tier Strips
  • 10.4 Examples of Non-Regular t-Tier Strips
  • 10.5 Dictionary of K Formulas For Regular 3-, 4- and 5-Tier Strips
  • 10.6 Methods of Derivation of K Formulas for t-Tier Strips
  • 10.7 The 4-Tier Zigzag Chain
  • 11 — Classes of Basic Benzenoids (III)
  • 15.3 Multiple Chains
  • 15.4 Multiple Chains with Truncated Rows
  • 15.5 Parallelogram with Truncated and Augmented Rows
  • 15.6 Constructable Benzenoids
  • 16 — Pericondensed All-Benzenoids and Related Classes
  • 16.1 Introductory Remarks
  • 16.2 All-Benzenoid Classes Including Modifications
  • 16.3 Reticular All-Benzenoids
  • 17 — Benzenoids with Repeated Units
  • 17.1 Introduction
  • 17.2 Fused Repeated Units
  • 17.3 Condensed Repeated Units
  • 17.4 Benzenoids with Hexagonal and Trigonal Symmetries
  • 18 — Distribution of K, and Kekulé Structure Statistics
  • 18.1 Introduction and Previous Work
  • 18.2 Distribution of K
  • 18.3 Average Values of K, and Related Quantities
  • 18.4 Number of Normal Benzenoids with a Given K.